Short Tutorial on the various network components
Common physical Network topology’s
Short video for you guys to gain a better understanding !
Physical Topology – Hybrid Topology
Hybrid Topology
Hybrid networks use a combination of any two or more topology’s, in such a way that the resulting network does not exhibit one of the standard topology’s (e.g., bus, star, ring, etc.). For example, a tree network connected to a tree network is still a tree network topology. A hybrid topology is always produced when two different basic network topologies are connected. Two common examples for Hybrid network are: star ring network and star bus network
Physical Topology – Mesh Topology
Mesh Topology
In a mesh network, devices are connected with many redundant interconnections between network nodes. In a true mesh topology every node has a connection to every other node in the network.
Physical Topology – Hierarchical Topology
Hierarchical Topology
A type of network topology in which a network that is based upon the physical star topology has one or more repeaters between the central node and the peripheral or ‘spoke’ nodes, the repeaters being used to extend the maximum transmission distance of the point-to-point links between the central node and the peripheral nodes beyond that which is supported by the transmitter power of the central node or beyond that which is supported by the standard upon which the physical layer of the physical star network is based.
Physical Topology – Star Topology
Star Topology
In local area networks with a star topology, each network host is connected to a central hub with a point-to-point connection. So it can be said that every computer is indirectly connected to every other node with the help of the hub. In Star topology every node (computer workstation or any other peripheral) is connected to a central node called hub, router or switch. The switch is the server and the peripherals are the clients. The network does not necessarily have to resemble a star to be classified as a star network, but all of the nodes on the network must be connected to one central device.
Physical Topology – Ring Topology
Ring Topology
A network topology is set up in a circular fashion in such a way that they make a closed loop. This way data travels around the ring in one direction and each device on the ring acts as a repeater to keep the signal strong as it travels. Each device incorporates a receiver for the incoming signal and a transmitter to send the data on to the next device in the ring. The network is dependent on the ability of the signal to travel around the ring. When a device sends data, it must travel through each device on the ring until it reaches its destination. Every node is a critical link. In a ring topology, there is no server computer present; all nodes work as a server and repeat the signal. The disadvantage of this topology is that if one node stops working, the entire network is affected or stops working.
Physical Topology – Bus Topology
Bus Topology
In local area networks where bus topology is used, each node is connected to a single cable, by the help of interface connectors.This central cable is the backbone of the network and is known as the bus (thus the name). A signal from the source travels in both directions to all machines connected on the bus cable until it finds the intended recipient. If the machine address does not match the intended address for the data, the machine ignores the data. Alternatively, if the data matches the machine address, the data is accepted. Because the bus topology consists of only one wire, it is rather inexpensive to implement when compared to other topologies. However, the low cost of implementing the technology is offset by the high cost of managing the network
Logical Topology In Detail
The two most common types of Logical Topology’s are Broadcast and Token passing.
- Broadcast Topology– A host broadcasts a message to all hosts on the same network segment. There is no order that hosts must follow to transmit data and messages are sent on a First In, First out (FIFO).
- Token passing– Controls network access by passing an electronic sequentially to each host. When a host receives a token, it can send data on the network.
Two Types Of Topology’s
There are two basic categories of network topology’s:
Physical topology’s and Logical topology’s.
Physical Topology: Physical topology is the physical layout of the components on a network. The cabling layout used to link devices is known as the physical topology of the network. This refers to the layout of cabling, the locations of nodes, and the interconnections between the nodes and the cabling. The physical topology of a network is determined by the capabilities of the network access devices and media, the level of control or fault tolerance desired, and the cost associated with cabling or telecommunications circuits.
Logical Topology: Determines how the hosts access the medium to communicate across the network. The logical topology in contrast, is the way that the signals act on the network media, or the way that the data passes through the network from one device to the next without regard to the physical interconnection of the devices. A network’s logical topology is not necessarily the same as its physical topology.
Reasons For Using Network Topology’s
So why does network topology matter ? A few reasons are as follows:
- The Network Topology affects the Performance.
- The network topology is a factor in determining the media type used to cable the network.
- The network topology impacts the cost of cabling the network.
- Some access methods may only work with specific topology’s.
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